2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Succinate Dehydrogenase

Succinate Dehydrogenase

Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH), also known as electron transport chain complex II, is a vital enzyme involved in both the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. It catalyzes the oxidation of succinate to fumarate, transferring electrons to ubiquinone in the electron transport chain, which is essential for ATP generation and mitochondrial function. In eukaryotes, SDH is composed of four subunits (SDHA-D), localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane, while in prokaryotes, it is found in the cytoplasmic membrane. SDH deficiency can lead to an abnormal accumulation of succinate, contributing to age-related organ degeneration in tissues expressing SUCNR1. Elevated succinate levels have been linked to skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. This highlights the importance of SDH in maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing metabolic disorders[1][2][3].

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-119459
    Fluopyram
    		Inhibitor 99.33%
    Fluopyram is an orally active succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, antifungal and nematicide. Fluopyram inhibits succinate dehydrogenase activity, activates CAR/PXR nuclear receptors, and increases caspase-3, TNF-α and NF-κB. Fluopyram inhibits the growth of F. virguliforme, Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani with EC50 values of 3.35, 5.389 and 0.244 µg/mL, respectively. Fluopyram induces liver and thyroid tumor formation. Fluopyram is nephrotoxic and embryotoxic.
    Fluopyram
  • HY-135549
    Fluxapyroxad
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Fluxapyroxad is a synthetic broad-spectrum fungicide for the control of fungal diseases. Fluxapyroxad inhibits succinate dehydrogenase in complex II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, resulting in inhibition of spore germination, germ tubes and mycelia growth within the fungus target species.
    Fluxapyroxad
  • HY-B2011
    Flutolanil
    		Inhibitor
    Flutolanil is a broad-spectrum fungicide. Flutolanil inhibits mycelial oxygen consumption and succinate dehydrogenase in mitochondria Complex II. Flutolanil causes endocrine disruption and reproductive disorders in zebrafish after long-term exposure. Flutolanil can be used to control the fungal pathogens induced plant disease.
    Flutolanil
  • HY-163890
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-2 (Compound 12x) is an inhibitor for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) with an IC50 of 1.22 mg/L. Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-2 exhibits antifungal activity, that inhibits S. sclerotiorum, V. mali, G. graminis, R. solani and B. cinerea with EC50 of 0.52-3.42 mg/L.
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-2
  • HY-163284
    SDH-IN-12
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-12 (compound 9b) is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, which exhibits activity against S. sclerotiorum and C. arachidicola, with EC50s of 0.97 and 2.07 μM, respectively. SDH-IN-12 reveals no significant herbicidal activity against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants.
    SDH-IN-12
  • HY-172804
    SDH-IN-26
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-26 (Compound C3) is a succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitor. SDH-IN-26 exhibits significant inhibitory activity against multiple phytopathogenic fungi, such as Rhizoctonia solani and Botrytis cinerea, with an EC50 value of 0.270 μg/mL against Rhizoctonia solani. SDH-IN-26 damages the integrity of the fungal cell membrane, increases membrane permeability, disrupts cell structure, and reduces the number of mitochondria, thus affecting the normal growth of mycelia. SDH-IN-26 leads to a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces cell apoptosis. SDH-IN-26 is promising for research of plant diseases caused by fungi.
    SDH-IN-26
  • HY-176140
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-9 (Compound Iik) is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (IC50: 3.6 μM). Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-9 exhibits potent inhibitory activity against various fungal species (eg: inhibits S. sclerotiorum with an EC50 value of 1.14 μg/mL. Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-9 enhances the nitrate reductase activity, thereby facilitating plant growth.
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-9
  • HY-172810
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-8 (compound i19) is a potent succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitor. Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-8, an indene amino acid derivative, demonstrates potent in vitro antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani (EC50=0.1843 mg/L), Botrytis cinerea (EC50=0.4829 mg/L), and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (EC50=0.1349 mg/L).
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-8
  • HY-159486
    SDH-IN-18
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-18 (Compound 3a) is an inhibitor for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) with an IC50 of 8.70 mg/L. SDH-IN-18 destroys fungal morphology and reproduction, exhibits antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with EC50 of 0.48 and 1.4 mg/L.
    SDH-IN-18
  • HY-172362
    SDH-IN-22
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-22 (Compound SEZC7) is the inhibitor for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) with an IC50 of 16.6 μM. SDH-IN-22 exhibits antifungal activity that inhibits Magnaporthe grisea with an EC50 of 0.5 mg/L.
    SDH-IN-22
  • HY-158321
    SDH-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-15 (Compound 5e) is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) (IC50=2.04 μM). SDH-IN-15 has significant antifungal activity. SDH-IN-15 blocks the mitochondrial respiratory chain of the fungus through inhibition of SDH, resulting in fungal death.
    SDH-IN-15
  • HY-172363
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-6 (Compound E23) is the inhibitor for succinate dehydrogenase that inhibits SDH in Rhizoctonia solani with an IC50 of 11.76 μM. Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-6 disrupts fungal cell membrane, exhibits board-spectrum antifungal activity that inhibits R. solani, V. dahliae, A. solani and C. gloeosporioides with EC50s of 0.41, 0.27, 1.15, 0.27 μg/mL, respectively. Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-6 exhibits no significant toxicity in rice and zebrafish (LC50 > 12.5 μg/mL).
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-6
  • HY-162776
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-3 (Ig) is an inhibitor of Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-3 has antifungal activity.
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-3
  • HY-169965
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-4 (Compound 4b) is the inhibitor for succinate dehydrogenase with an IC50 of 3.38 μM. Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-4 exhibits antifungal activity against Physalospora piricola and Colletotrichum orbiculare with EC50 of 16.33 μM and 18.06 μM.
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-4
  • HY-172777
    SDH-IN-25
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-25 is a succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitor (IC50 = 4.82 mg/L). SDH-IN-25 exhibited broad-spectrum and potent antifungal activity. SDH-IN-25 mimics the interaction pattern of commercial fungicide Fluxapyroxad (HY-135549) through binding to SDH amino acid residues (TRP173, TYR58, and ARG43). SDH-IN-25 can induce hyphal morphology, interfere with respiratory metabolism by binding to complex II, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and affect mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in mycelia. SDH-IN-25 can be studied in research for agricultural disease control.
    SDH-IN-25
  • HY-161504
    SDH-IN-14
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-14 (Compound Z2) is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). SDH-IN-14 has antifungal activity (EC50=2.7 μg/mL) against B.cinerea. SDH-IN-14 acts by disrupting the integrity of the cell wall and cell membrane.
    SDH-IN-14
  • HY-159481
    SDH-IN-17
    		Inhibitor
    SDH-IN-17 (compound C32), a hydrazide-containing flavonol derivative, is a potent succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitor with an IC50 of 8.42 μM. SDH-IN-17 can occupy the active site and form strong interactions with the key residues of SDH. SDH-IN-17 exhibits antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani (EC50=0.170 μg/mL). SDH-IN-17 disrupts the normal growth of hyphae by affecting the structural integrity of the cell membrane and cellular respiration. SDH-IN-17 has the potential for plant disease control research.
    SDH-IN-17
  • HY-B2011R
    Flutolanil (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Flutolanil (Standard) is the analytical standard of Flutolanil. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Flutolanil is a broad-spectrum fungicide. Flutolanil inhibits mycelial oxygen consumption and succinate dehydrogenase in mitochondria Complex II. Flutolanil causes endocrine disruption and reproductive disorders in zebrafish after long-term exposure. Flutolanil can be used to control the fungal pathogens induced plant disease.
    Flutolanil (Standard)
  • HY-173021
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-7
    		Inhibitor
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-7 (Compound 2f) is a Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (IC50 = 2.51 μM). Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-7 has fungicidal activity.
    Succinate dehydrogenase-IN-7
  • HY-119459R
    Fluopyram (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Fluopyram (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fluopyram (HY-119459). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fluopyram is an orally active succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, antifungal and nematicide. Fluopyram inhibits succinate dehydrogenase activity, activates CAR/PXR nuclear receptors, and increases caspase-3, TNF-α and NF-κB. Fluopyram inhibits the growth of F. virguliforme, Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani with EC50 values of 3.35, 5.389 and 0.244 µg/mL, respectively. Fluopyram induces liver and thyroid tumor formation. Fluopyram is nephrotoxic and embryotoxic.
    Fluopyram (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity